In my counseling office, I sometimes encounter couples who find themselves having frequent conflicts, often late into the night. One spouse wants to “talk it out” for hours on end until their issue is resolved, but the other spouse, convinced that the issue won’t be so quickly resolved, is tired, and honestly just wants to go to bed. The first spouse interprets this reluctance to talk as evidence of withdrawal, which adds even more conflict to their already conflicted relationship.

Often, the justification for these late-night arguments is a Scripture that I believe is taken out of context and harmfully misinterpreted:

“Be angry and do not sin; do not let the sun go down on your anger, and give no opportunity to the devil.”  (Ephesians 4:26-27)

People take this to mean that the devil wins if we don’t resolve all of our conflicts before bedtime. But that’s not at all what it says. Aside from the fact that few us are actually in bed by the time the sun sets, the passage says nothing about having to hash out our grievances or understand all of our hurts before the day is done.

If we look at the context of these verses, Ephesians 4 has nothing to do with conflict resolution or expressing hurts to others.  Rather, it tells believers how their new life in Christ should display godly character.  “Not letting the sun go down on your anger” admonishes us to develop the character quality of anger management; it’s not a mandate compelling others to talk-it-out late at night.

To give our passage context, notice what the broader passage, Ephesians 4:25-32 [pasted at the end of this essay] says about how a Christian should behave.  Genuine Christians should:

• speak truth, not falsehood
• practice daily anger management
• do honest work
• share what we earn with those in need
• use edifying talk that builds up, giving grace to those who hear
• get rid of bitterness, wrath, and anger, clamor, slander, and malice
• be kind, tenderhearted, and forgiving

Notice there is nothing in the passage that even remotely hints at deadlines for resolving conflict.  In fact, an ill-timed late-night talk would make many of those character standards harder to attain. It’s hard to be edifying, kind, and tenderhearted in the heat of the moment and when you are tired.

Today’s post naturally flows out of my previous one, which encouraged parents to postpone consequences until everyone can think straight. Â Knowing when to speak is just as important as knowing what to say.  This same principle also applies to marriage.

Certainly, I’m not against conflict resolution and the sharing of hurt feelings–they are essential for healthy relationships!  My point is that finding the right time and occasion is vitally important.  We’re less likely to listen and learn when we’re tired after a long day.  Attempting communication when we’re angry and upset puts everyone in fight-or-flight mode.  In such moments, we naturally go to the Woodshed, where no learning ever occurs.

Let’s wait until we’re in a better frame of mind, having that needed conversation at a time and place that will be constructive.  Let’s wait until everyone’s ready to go to the Classroom to learn and grow together.

So what about our misapplied verse?  What does it mean when it says:  “Be angry and do not sin; do not let the sun go down on your anger and give no opportunity to the devil”?  Here’s how I read it:

• Be angry.  It’s ok to be angry.  It’s ok to feel what we feel.  Better to admit it than pretend.
• Do not sin. Being angry doesn’t justify our own sinning.  Be careful about what we are tempted to do and say when we feel angry.
• Do not let the sun go down on your anger.  Verse 31 elaborates on this statement; it tells us to “put away” bitterness, wrath, anger, etc.  Our temptation is to stew over such offenses and hurts, but God calls us to put them away–right away.  Give your hurts over to God and let go of your anger–don’t let it consume you.  As I said two posts ago: “The Throne of God is the place for us to go to ask for God’s help in our time of trouble.  We should pray for God to give us wisdom and to soften our hearts toward the ones who hurt us, and we can pray that God would open their hearts as well.  This will accomplish as much as anything.”
• Give no opportunity to the devil.  By getting our hearts right with God and with others, we rob the devil of his power to harm our relationships.

Let me summarize it this way:  if you give your anger over to God before bedtime you’ll be showing godly character–and you’ll likely sleep better too!

Here’s the whole passage, Ephesians 4:25-32, referred to above:

²⁵ Therefore, having put away falsehood, let each one of you speak the truth with his neighbor, for we are members one of another. ²⁶ Be angry and do not sin; do not let the sun go down on your anger, ²⁷ and give no opportunity to the devil. ²⁸ Let the thief no longer steal, but rather let him labor, doing honest work with his own hands, so that he may have something to share with anyone in need. ²⁹ Let no corrupting talk come out of your mouths, but only such as is good for building up, as fits the occasion, that it may give grace to those who hear ³⁰ And do not grieve the Holy Spirit of God, by whom you were sealed for the day of redemption. ³¹ Let all bitterness and wrath and anger and clamor and slander be put away from you, along with all malice. ³² Be kind to one another, tenderhearted, forgiving one another, as God in Christ forgave you.

In my work with people, I’ve observed that there are five places we go when when we are hurt, frustrated, or upset by others.

Three of these places make things worse, but the other two can bring a lot of healing, growth, and resolution.  It’s vitally important to know where each destination leads.

I’ve written about two of the five before, but today, I want to expand my thoughts to include all the ways we might address our frustrations.

Here are the five places we go:

#1 THE WOODSHED.  The first place we might take someone is to the proverbial woodshed.  In bygone days when someone misbehaved, they would be removed from the house and taken out back to the woodshed to receive a “whoopin.”  The walk to the woodshed was a walk of shame, and whatever happened in there was not going to be pleasant.

When we are hurt or frustrated or upset with someone, it’s easy to take the woodshed approach, giving the person a verbal whoopin’ and calling him or her out for what we feel he or she has done to us.  Yes, we’re being honest, of course, but honesty is not always the best policy.  In the woodshed, we exclusively use “You-statements,” blaming-and-shaming the person who has infuriated us so much.  There is no conversation in the woodshed.

The problem with this approach is that it causes added hurt (in response to hurt) and it doesn’t really accomplish anything, except perhaps the satisfaction of getting even.  It certainly doesn’t result in relational transformation.  When we perceive that someone is taking us to the woodshed, we naturally feel threatened and our natural impulse is to put our shields up, deflecting the incoming verbal missiles.

Physiologically, the amygdala in  our brain senses the imminent danger of the woodshed, shuts down our logical “thinking” brain, and sends us immediately into “fight or flight” mode. In this frame of mind, we don’t listen, learn, or consider anything.  We will either fight back to survive–saying things we rationally don’t really mean–or we’ll withdraw completely.  Nothing good results from going to the woodshed!

#2.  STUFF, ETC.  We who are less confrontational by nature will often stuff our negative feelings rather than take someone to the woodshed. We have learned to endure mistreatment silently, believing that the cost of saying something is greater than the cost of remaining quiet. We may feel too timid to bring up our concerns or we may not feel that we deserve to speak up.

The problem with the Stuff, etc. destination is that unless we’re really good actors, our dissatisfaction will likely be perceptible anyway — maybe not through our words, but certainly through our attitudes, tone, body language, and demeanor.  And even if we were to keep things stuffed for a long while, the pressure-cooker of pent up frustrations will eventually explode, taking us right back to the very place we were trying to avoid all along–the woodshed.  And we know how that goes!

#3.  THE HOUSE OF MIRRORS.  Have you ever been to one of those old-fashioned carnival attractions called The House of Mirrors? It’s infuriating because it’s like a maze inside–glass walls and mirrors everywhere you look–and you don’t know which way leads toward the exit.  It might seem fun at first, but before long, it can get very frustrating.  As you go along, you bump your face into a lot of glass walls!  Ouch!

This is exactly how some people handle their frustrations with others.  True, they avoid the direct-assault approach of the woodshed and they aren’t stuffing their feelings completely, but this approach fails for different reasons.

Those of us who use the House of Mirrors approach communicate our frustration in ways that are indirect and unclear, dropping not-so-subtle hints about things we don’t like.  Sarcasm is often used to make a point.  Snide comments, little jabs, and “just kidding” jokes all hint at unexpressed dissatisfaction.  Sometimes we play the victim, exuding a “poor me” attitude: “If only my wife would treat me respectfully like so-and-so’s.”  Social media provides us a easy forum for expressing subtle complaints in the third person:  “Why can’t teenagers these days be more respectful?”  And sometimes we keep score, using measurements others don’t know they’re being critiqued on:  “It’s been a whopping 31 days since you gave me a compliment!”

The House of Mirrors approach unfairly leaves the other person confused, insecure, shamed, and devalued–not the things that motivate people to change and grow.  Instead it invites push-back and resistance.

#4.  THE CLASSROOM.  Unlike the three previous destinations, the classroom is a great place to take the person with whom you have frustration.  While the woodshed strikes fear into one’s heart, the classroom is a positive place of learning, growing, discovery, and improving.  In the classroom, we help the person learn what we are feeling and experiencing when we are around him or her.

Here are two important “classroom guidelines:”

First, it’s vitally important to avoid blame and shame in the classroom, so stay focused on what has been going on within you rather than what they’ve been doing wrong.  This is the proper place for using “I-statements,” indeed, it’s very important to avoid “you-statements” all together, lest we risk turning the experiential classroom into a lecture hall.  In my previous essay on the Classroom approach, I gave several examples of recommended phrases, but here’s one example of what you might say:

“I find myself getting defensive when I feel criticized and I don’t like that about myself.  I want to share something with you that I think will help.  It would help me to grow and change if you could try to educate me rather than confront me.  I know that approach works better for me and I know it will draw us closer. I’d appreciate it so much if you could give it a try.”

In my experience, such a blame-free approach is often effective since the other person doesn’t feel attacked or threatened.  Respectfully expressing your concerns ensures that his or her “thinking brain” will remain at the forefront, where reflection occurs.  (Of course, you can’t guarantee how the other person will react, but in my view, the best chance for change occurs in the classroom.)

Second, don’t take the person to the classroom for every hurt and feeling that you experience.  That would be unreasonable and overwhelming–your whole relationship might seem confined to the classroom!  People need recess time!  Instead, start with one hurt that is either the most significant, or that is reoccurring, or that is easy to solve.  Tackle one at a time and then move on to the next.  You’ll gain confidence and celebrate progress with each lesson learned in the syllabus of life!

So get in the habit of taking the person you’re frustrated with to the classroom instead of the other three places you might go.  But there is one more place I want to mention.

#5.  THE THRONE OF GOD.  I mentioned this place last, not because it’s the least important — it is actually the most.  I first wanted to present the various response options to interpersonal frustration, but now I want to propose that there are many times when it is best to say nothing at all, and simply bring the hurts and frustrations directly to God.

Thankfully, whenever we’re feeling neglected or misunderstood or mistreated, we [Christians] have a God who perfectly understands our situation.  Jesus experienced more injustice, humiliation, and abuse than any of us ever will.

Although He doesn’t promise to spare us from pain, He promises to walk with us through our pain as a fellow-sufferer. God offers understanding, comfort, and healing when we are suffering.  We are not alone.

Jesus also modeled a supernatural power to love his enemies (including us!) and He can give us that same supernatural strength to rise above whatever mistreatment we may encounter from others, not returning evil for evil, and actually blessing those who have wounded us.  On the rare occasion when we do this, Scripture calls it “a gracious thing in the eyes of God.”  (1 Peter 2:19-24).

¹⁹ For this is a gracious thing, when, mindful of God, one endures sorrows while suffering unjustly. ²⁰ For what credit is it if, when you sin and are beaten for it, you endure? But if when you do good and suffer for it you endure, this is a gracious thing in the sight of God. ²¹ For to this you have been called, because Christ also suffered for you, leaving you an example, so that you might follow in his steps. ²² He committed no sin, neither was deceit found in his mouth. ²³ When he was reviled, he did not revile in return; when he suffered, he did not threaten, but continued entrusting himself to him who judges justly. ²⁴ He himself bore our sins in his body on the tree, that we might die to sin and live to righteousness. By his wounds you have been healed.

I especially love the phrase “entrusting himself to him who judges justly.” As often as we are able, let’s give it to God to deal with and get back to loving others the way He loves us.

The Throne of God is also the place for us to go to ask for God’s help in our time of trouble.  We should pray for God to give us wisdom and to soften our hearts toward the ones who hurt us, and we can pray that God would open their hearts as well.  This will accomplish as much as anything.

The summary is this:  take your hurts to God first, and when we do feel the need to say something, let’s be careful to skip the Woodshed, Stuff Etc., and the House of Mirrors, and take them straight to the Classroom!  Oh, the places you’ll go if you do this well!

My wife, Cindy, and I were talking recently about obstacles to healthy marriages. One of the things we have observed happening in marriages today is the tendency to frame marriage problems using an Oppressed / Oppressor perspective.  Cindy brilliantly coined a phrase for this which I want to elaborate on today:  “Critical Spouse Theory.”

In this view, I am the Oppressed and my spouse is my Oppressor.   This approach is destructive to marriages on several levels.

First.  Both parties will inevitably declare themselves to be “the Oppressed.”  In a world where marriage is seen primarily as a means to one’s own personal happiness and fulfillment this resonates well.  Anything that blocks one’s personal fulfillment is obviously oppression!

As I said, both the husband and the wife will consider that they are the Oppressed and their spouse is the Oppressor–and they’ll have plenty of support to back their claims;  if they hop on TikToc or YouTube, they’ll find hundreds of ex-wives or ex-husbands, reinforcing this view that they don’t need to put up with such oppression from their spouse.

Second.  This way of looking at my spouse is overly simplistic.  It lumps her into the general category of Oppressor, discounting any of her good qualities.  In this worldview, there is no such thing as “partial oppression”–it’s an all-or-nothing approach.   I cannot see any of the good because I’m focusing only on the bad.

Third.  Once I apply this negative label of “My Oppressor,” I no longer look at my spouse as the precious person I fell in love with, but now I see her as my enemy.   This identity distortion will spoil every interaction between us.  I’m not talking to a decent human being so neither do I have to behave like one.

Fourth.  I develop the belief that Oppressors can’t change.  They can’t improve.  They’re not safe to be around.  I need only to protect myself.

Fifth.   This perspective, therefore, absolves me of responsibility.   The Oppressed gets a pass on moral culpability.  I hear this all the time in the counseling office.  “I don’t have to treat him decently until he stops Oppressing me.”  And of course, the culture will reinforce this.  The Oppressor is only capable of evil and the Oppressed is exempt from moral critique.

Sixth.   Things are unlikely to change for the better.  With this mindset, the only way for my oppression to end is for me to keep away from my Oppressor.  Divorce is the likely outcome.

Seventh.  Critical Spouse Theory doesn’t offer any hope for a healthy marriage.

Avoiding the Critical Spouse Theory worldview

Most of the essays I write on Christian marriage are the antidote to Critical Spouse Theory.   Here’s some links to several of them.

1.   We must recognize that Christian marriage must never be primarily about personal happiness and self fulfillment.  That is a consumer-based, commodifying basis of marriage.  A Christian marriage is not a contract, but rather a covenant.  Marriage isn’t a perpetual honeymoon, but it is rather a crucible for character-building, where we learn to be like Christ in how we relate in the most intimate of human relationships.   I learned this from my favorite book on marriage, Gary Thomas’s “Sacred Marriage,” which I highly recommend.   Marriage ought to be the context where we learn to love, serve, apologize, forgive, experience grace and grow toward one another.

2.  We must recognize that all of us are a mix of Oppressor and Oppressed.   It’s rarely one sided.  Our marital love fails.   We all hurt the ones we love.  We all fail to fully keep the wedding vows we made.

3.  We would do well to focus on our side of the equation–becoming less of an Oppressor.  Take responsibility for what you need to change about you. We must focus less on the other person’s faults.  Jesus taught to take the log out of our own eye before obsessing over the speck in someone else’s.

4.  We must get rid of the 50-50 mindset.  I’ll automatically see myself as the Oppressed when I think that I’m unfairly getting less than my fair share.

5.  We must remember that we don’t get a pass on loving our spouse even when we may feel Oppressed.

6. We remember that people can change, and we must give them that opportunity.  We should extend to others the same opportunity for growth and change that we would want ourselves.  To declare that someone can’t change is to deny God’s ability to transform a sinner into a saint.

One final word.  I’m not saying there aren’t actual cases of abusive treatment in marriage–there are!  If you are in physical danger, call 911.  If your children are being abused, take them and get out.  Implement whatever boundaries are needed and even separation may be needed for a time while things are being sorted out.  Yes, there are exceptional cases of abusive treatment, but they are exactly that–exceptional.  Most of us just need to learn how to better respond to the ordinary challenges of marriage.

One further book recommendation.  After writing this post, I came across an excellent book that I highly recommend by Don Thomas called:  Abuse: A Biblical Perspective.  He elaborates on many of the same points I make above regarding how Critical Theory has infiltrated the church’s view about marriage, redemption, and restoration.